Pump



C. F. HESS May 29, 1934.

PUMP

Patented May 29, 1934 UNITED STATES PAT N FFEC This invention relates to pumps for pumping oil or water or other liquids, and more particularly to those that are required to pump oil or other liquid to various parts in the desired mannor. Heretofore, pumps of this kind have been so constructed that the different distributing passages were all connected to one outlet of the pump, so that the different passages were all under simultaneous and equal pressure. This method, however, has been found to be more or less unsatisfactory, inasmuch as some of the passages or paths of distribution are longer and more extensive than others, very often, and in such case the distribution of the oil or other liq- 15. uid has in some instances been found to be unequal. Also, with the old arrangement, serious trouble developed in the case of leakage, for if the oiftake pipe broke, it was likely to waste almost all the oil or other liquid.

The object of the invention, therefore, generally stated, is to provide a novel and improved construction and arrangement whereby a pump for this general purpose will distribute the oil or other liquid to the different passages or paths of 25. distribution, or to different groups of passages,

successively, whereby the pump is never in communication with more than one passage, or group of distribution passages, at the same time, and whereby each passage or section of the system of distribution will always receive the entire pressure of the pump, the pump thereby never having to supply pressure to more than one passage or section or group of passages of the distribution system at one and the same time.

- It is also an object to provide certain details and features of construction and combinations tending to increase the general efiiciency and the desirability of a pump of this particular charaeter.

To the foregoing and other useful ends, the invention consists in matters hereinafter set forth and claimed, and shown in the accompanying drawing in which Fig. l is a horizontal section of a pump embodying the principles of the invention, the pump being of that form which is commonly known as a gear pump.

Fig. 2 is a transverse section on line 22 in Fig. 1 of the drawing.

Fig. 3 is a transverse section on line 33 in Fig 1 of the drawing.

Fig. 4 is a detail section on line 4-4 in Fig. 3 of the drawing.

As thus illustrated, the pump is of that form I commonly known as a gear pump, comprising a pair of gear wheels 1 and 1, mounted on parallel shafts 2 and 3 within a housing or casing comprising the body portion or section 4, and the head or cap plate 5, the latter being held in place by screws or bolts 6, in a manner that will be readily understood. The housing or casing has an inlet port 7 through which the liquid enters, and has an outlet port or olftake 8 through which the liquid leaves the pump. The gears rotate in the direction indicated by the arrows in Fig. 3, so 63 that the oil or other liquid is pulled in through the port or intake 7, carried around in the spaces between the teeth of the gears, and finally forced out through the offtake passage 8 formed in the housing. 7 6

The shaft 3, it will be seen, is of some length, and has a longitudinal bore 9 therein, the front end of this bore having a lateral port or opening 10 that continually communicates with the passage 8 previously mentioned. In this way the oil or other liquid is forced into the bore 9 of the shaft 3, and it will be seen that the latter is also provided with lateral outlet openings or ports 11 and 12 as shown. Oiftake passages 13 and 14 are formed at opposite sides of the shaft, in the housing, to alternately communicate with the opening 11 in the shaft, and similar outlet or distributing passages 15 and 16 are formed in opposite sides of the housing body that forms, in effect, an elongated bearing for the shaft 8, these passages 15 and 16 being in position to alternately communicats with the opening 12in the shaft.

It Will be understood that the shaft 3 is the driving shaft, and that it may be driven by any suitable power, communicated in any suitable or desired way thereto.

In operation, the pump draws the liquid in through the intake '7, and forces it out through the of'ftake 8, into the hollow shaft, and from the latter the oil or other liquid is forced out through the passages 13 and 14 and 15 and 16, to the. bearings of the machinery, or to any other desired instrumentalities which require oil or other liquid. It will be seen that the ports or openings 11 and 12 are so placed or located on the shaft 3, that the pump is never in communication with more than one of the offtake passages 13 and 14 and 15 and 16, whereby the bore 9 of the shaft 3 is never in communication with more than one outlet therefrom at a time.

Therefore, with the particular arrangement shown, the distributing passages or sections of the lubricating system, or other liquid system, are alternately and successively connected with V the pump, and are never connected thereto simul- 1'11) taneously or at one and the same time. In this way, the full pressure of the pump is always communicated to any particular passage or section of the distributing system that happens to be connected to the pump, no distributing passage or section of the system ever sharing that pressure with any other passage or section of the system. Each distributing passage or section takes its turn, so to speak, in receiving liquid under pressure from the pump, and hence the full pressure of the pump is always exerted in any distributing passage or section of the system with which the pump is at any time connected.

In eifect, the whole shaft 3 and the housing forming the bearing therefor, form a valve mechanism for alternately and successively connecting the pump with the different distributing passages V or sections of the distributing system.

Preferably, the invention is employed in connection with a gear pump, and such a pump may be used for various purposes. For example, it may be used to distribute the oil from the crank case of the internal combustion engine of an ordinary automobile. But the invention is not limited to any particular form of pump, or to any particular use.

Also, it will be understood that while four distributing passages are shown and described, leading from the pump, any desired number of such passages can be employed, depending upon the character of the instrumentalities to which the liquid is to be distributed.

Also, while the invention is shown and described as a liquid pump, it will be readily understood that it may be employed for pumping fluids of any suitable or desired character.

While four outlets are shown and described, for the pump, it will be understood that each outlet can be connected to a plurality of passages,

' whereby the passages of the distribution system will be divided into groups or sections, with each group or section connected with only one outlet of the pump. Therefore, each outlet may feed oil or other liquid to only one bearing, or other mechanical instrumentality, or each outlet may feed oil or other liquid to a plurality of bearings or other instrumentalities. But, in any event, the pump has a plurality of outlets that are successively effective to discharge the oil or other liquid or fluid, and in this way parts that are more or less remote from the pump can be arranged in groups, if desired, while other bearings or other parts that are closer to the pump can be connected to another outlet thereof. Therefore, regardless of the number of outlets provided for the pump, they are preferably so arranged that only one outlet will function at a time, the other outlet or outlets being cut off while any particular outlet is working.

It will also be seen that if one of the outlet pipes of the pump should break,- or should spring a leak, the trouble will be minimized, inasmuch as all of the oil or other liquid will not be compelled to pass through the broken or leaky pipe, but will have other outlet pipes through which to travel.

It will be seen that the element 17, in the form of a shaft with a notch at its end, may be provided for engaging the end portion of the shaft 3 in order to drive this latter shaft, thereby to operate the pump. This shaft 1'7 is preferably supported in an element such as the body indicated at 18, and the bolts or screws 19 are preferably provided for detachably bolting the end of the housing section 4 to the body 18 in the manner shown in Fig. 1 of the drawing.

What I claim as my invention is:

l. A fluid pump having a fluid pressure chamber provided with an intake and an offtake, stationary means having a plurality of distributing passages for receiving fluid from said offtake, power transmission means for driving said pump and operating as a valve, said means extending outside of said chamber and provided with a plurality of ports, one of Which is in constant communication with said oiftake and with each of said other ports, and said other ports being arranged to register one at a time with said passages to insure, upon movement of said means, that only one passage at a time will receive fluid from the pump, and means for operating said transmission means.

2. A structure as specified in claim 1, said means acting as a valve comprising a rotary hollow driving shaft for operating the pump and having said ports in the cylindrical sides thereof, and a bearing for said shaft having said distributing passages therein.

3. A structure as specified in claim 1, said pump comprising rotary gears for drawing in and expelling the fluid, and one of said gears having a hollow shaft forming said transmission means and part of said valve, the interior of said shaft communicating with said ports.

4. A structure as specified in claim 1, said pump having rotary means for drawing in and expelling the fluid, and said means acting as a valve having continuous rotary motion during the operation of the pump.

' 5. A structure as specified in claim 1, said pump being a liquid pump for drawing in and forcing out a liquid to be distributed by said passages to any desired instrumentalities, said transmission means comprising a hollow shaft forming said valve, the interior of said shaft communicating with said ports.

6. A structure as specified in claim 1, said pump being the oil pump of an ordinary internal combustion engine, for pumping the oil from the crank case of the engine to various bearings, said transmission means comprising a hollow shaft forming said valve, the interior of said shaft communicating with said ports.

CHRISTIAN F. HESS. 

